I don't quite understand the concept of the tariffs other than revenue for the government at the expense of higher prices for their citizens. Is that basically what ultimately happens?
The idea is that you make foreign goods more expensive, so the consumers opt for domestic substitutes, driving up demand for domestic products, driving expansion of production capacity, and driving up payrolls (both number of employees and per-employee compensation), etc.
You often see it couched as "protecting American jobs."
The unintended consequences are that domestic producers are isolated from competition. So they have less incentive to produce more efficiently and less incentive to improve quality. Also, some foreign countries produce stuff for which there is either no local substitute or the substitute isn't the same quality, or it's not really a substitute at all.
For example, there's a reason there's no American coffee, tea or cocoa.
So the consumer ends up paying more for both lower quality stuff and lesser selection, and domestic industry gets fat and lazy.
The classic case is the American auto industry. Between an industry in its infancy, wars & resultant re-construction, and tariffs, foreign competitors were not significant players in the US market for about 75 years.
Which, after tipping over several dominoes along the way, led to the embarrassments of the Ford Pinto, the Chevy Vega, the Chrysler K cars, the AMC Pacer and Gremlin, cars that wouldn't turn off (the OFC will definitely remember "run-on knocking"), and cars that spent more time in the repair shop than on the road.
Finally, Toyota kicked the door in with quality cars, and it's taken since then for the domestic industry to catch up.