An article from yesterday's WSJ:
The Six Months That Short-Circuited the Electric-Vehicle Revolution - WSJ
If you don't have a subscription, it'll be paywalled. It's about 3/4 of a full page, so here's a summary:
Ford and GM, and to a lesser extent Tesla, significantly over-projected actual market growth. They were building plants for expected demand that didn't materialize. Doesn't mean the market for EVs is shrinking...just that it isn't expanding nearly as fast as needed to justify the planned expansion.
Ford is now cutting Lightning production by 50% and relocating workers. In 2023, they lost $4.7 Billion on EVs and project to lose $5 - $5.5 Billion for 2024. Meanwhile, they're expanding their hybrid production.
The worm turned in the summer of 2023.
EVs as a share of vehicle sales (not sure if that's unit count or dollar volume) peaked in the summer of 2023 at a bit over 9%. By the end of the year, it was about 7.75%. Dealers are cutting prices and occasionally selling at a loss to clear the inventory.
Average retail transaction for EVs peaked in early 2023 at just under $60K and is now down to right at $50K. Meanwhile, ICEs have been pretty consistently right around $45K since 2022. Hybrids have been a tad more volatile, but have held between $41K and $44K through calendar 2023.
It's in days inventory where the slowing growth rate caused the increased production to run a-cropper.
In mid-2022, average inventory days on hand (AIDOH) for EVs was about 20 days, and there were often waiting lists -- i.e., the cars were sold before they got to the dealer. In the summer of 2023, AIDOH had spiked to about 90 days and at the end of 2023 sat at about 75 days.
Meanwhile, ICE inventory sits at about 50 days and hybrids at a bit over 25.
So in the days when the manufacturer was shipping 2-3 vehicles a month, the dealers could move them quickly. When they ship 12 in a month, that no longer holds.
Meanwhile, EV-cautious manufacturers (like Toyota) are sitting pretty, maintaining their advocacy of hybrid technology as a consumer-friendly way to reduce carbon emissions.
Reasons have been discussed here previously:
- Early adopters have already bought. The second wave is a lot more dubious because:
- EVs are averaging about $5K - $7K more expensive than ICEs, even after the recent price reductions. Before that, the difference was more like $14K.
- The old bugaboo range anxiety, exacerbated by...
- Reports that real-world range is usually less than claimed, and…
- The reminder that, for a variety of reasons, range is even lower when it's really cold or hot.
- Anxiety about finding a working charger.
- If you do find one (even a super-charger), it takes a long time to re-charge.
Not in the article, but a factor that I've heard discussed amongst my friends and family is that manufacturers and dealers squandered goodwill by jacking up prices when demand was high. Ask anyone who ordered a Tesla pickup how that worked....even after said customer put down a deposit.
The EV market is increasing. Just not nearly quickly enough to justify the formerly-planned expansion of production capacity. And manufacturers have to see a path to profit before they'll tolerate upfront losses.
EV technology will get there. Eventually. Probably not in my lifetime. Given the state of current technology, hybrids are the best alternative.